As the homelessness crisis continues to impact communities worldwide, efforts to address this challenge have evolved from mere shelter provision to more holistic approaches. For example, the wraparound approach, encompassing a range of support measures tailored to an individual’s unique needs, is gaining recognition as an essential part of alleviating homelessness. This article explores the significance of these comprehensive support services in addressing the immediate housing needs and the root causes of homelessness, therefore ensuring long-term stability and reintegration into the community.
Understanding the Complex Causes of Homelessness
Homelessness is not just a result of financial instability. Its causes are multifaceted, for example, mental health issues, substance misuse, domestic violence, job loss, and more. Although vital, providing a roof over someone’s head often only addresses the tip of the iceberg. A more integrated solution is required to tackle the root causes of homelessness.
The Wraparound Approach: Beyond Housing
The wraparound approach underscores a personalised plan and, in doing so, addresses various different domains of an individual’s life. From mental health services, employment training, and educational support to substance misuse treatment, the aim is to ensure the individual receives a holistic suite of services that caters to their specific needs. By integrating these services, an individual’s likelihood of experiencing homelessness decreases significantly, promoting sustained housing stability and improving overall life quality.
The Benefits of Comprehensive Support
Several studies highlight the positive outcomes associated with the wraparound approach:
- Reduced Reliance on Emergency Services:
With adequate support, individuals are less likely to utilise emergency healthcare services, therefore resulting in cost savings for communities.
- Improved Mental and Physical Health:
Access to consistent healthcare and mental health services can lead to better health outcomes.
- Enhanced Social Integration:
Services that focus on social skills, community engagement, and employment training can foster social reintegration, helping individuals rebuild connections and contribute positively to society.
Challenges and Considerations
While the wraparound approach offers promising results, implementation can be challenging. It requires collaboration among various stakeholders, including governmental bodies, NGOs, healthcare providers, and the community. Moreover, for services to be effective, they must be tailored to the unique cultural, social, and individual needs of those they aim to assist.
Conclusion
As we endeavour to combat homelessness, it is important to recognise that, although essential, housing alone might not provide a sustainable solution. The wraparound approach addresses the complex, intertwined issues underlying homelessness and, as a result, offers a more holistic approach, ensuring individuals don’t just find a home but also rebuild their lives with dignity and purpose.
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References
Culhane, D.P., Metraux, S., & Hadley, T. (2002). Public service reductions associated with placement of homeless persons with severe mental illness in supportive housing. Housing Policy Debate, 13(1).
Fazel, S., Geddes, J.R., & Kushel, M. (2014). The health of homeless people in high-income countries: Descriptive epidemiology, health consequences, and clinical and policy recommendations. The Lancet.
Kresky-Wolff, M., Larson, M.J., O’Brien, R.W., & McGraw, S.A. (2010). Supportive Housing Approaches in the Collaborative Initiative to Help End Chronic Homelessness (CICH). Journal of Behavioural Health Services & Research, 37(2).
Suter, J.C., & Bruns, E.J. (2009). Effectiveness of the wraparound process for children with emotional and behavioural disorders: A meta-analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12(4).
Tsemberis, S., Gulcur, L., & Nakae, M. (2004). Housing first, consumer choice, and harm reduction for homeless individuals with a dual diagnosis. American Journal of Public Health, 94(4).
Walker, J.S., & Sanders, B. (2011). The community supports for wraparound inventory: An assessment of the implementation context for wraparound. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(6).