Policy Across the Pond: Homelessness in the UK and the US
Introduction
Homelessness in the UK and the US is widely acknowledged as a pressing social concern for both countries. However, while there are similarities in the challenges faced by both nations, their policy approaches to combating homelessness reveal considerable differences, reflecting each country’s distinct social, economic, and political contexts.
Homelessness is a complicated issue influenced by numerous factors, such as poverty, unemployment, mental health challenges, substance abuse, and family breakdowns. Homelessness in both the UK and the US predominantly affects vulnerable groups like young people, veterans, and those with disabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the situation in both countries.
Government Approaches: Homelessness in the UK and the US
One of the primary distinctions between the UK and the US in addressing homelessness lies in their respective government policies. In the UK, the Housing (Homeless Persons) Act 1977 obliges the government to offer housing and support for homeless individuals. Consequently, local authorities must provide temporary accommodation and assistance in finding permanent homes for homeless people. The UK government has also invested in initiatives aimed at tackling homelessness, such as the Rough Sleeping Initiative and the Homelessness Reduction Act 2017.
Conversely, the US government has historically adopted a less interventionist stance on homelessness. Although there are federal programmes that allocate funding for homeless services, these schemes are not all-encompassing and do not grant a legal entitlement to housing. As a result, the onus of addressing homelessness in the US falls on local governments and non-profit organisations.
The Role of Supported Housing In the UK
In the UK, supported housing serves as a crucial tool in combating homelessness. Various providers offer a range of supported housing options, from group homes and sheltered housing to floating support. Supported housing is often viewed as an essential component in resolving homelessness, as it equips individuals with the stability and backing necessary to rebuild their lives.
On the other hand, supported housing is less prevalent in the US, where there is a stronger emphasis on delivering emergency shelter and transitional housing. Consequently, individuals in need of continuous support may face difficulties in finding appropriate accommodation. Nevertheless, some initiatives in the US, such as the Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities programme, strive to expand the availability of supported housing.
Conclusion
Despite the UK and the US confronting similar challenges related to homelessness, their policy approaches and available services diverge significantly. The UK adopts a more interventionist strategy, with a legal obligation to furnish housing and support for homeless individuals and a well-established system of supported housing. In contrast, the US has traditionally focused on emergency shelter and transitional housing. Ultimately, both nations must contend with intricate issues that demand ongoing attention and investment to guarantee everyone access to a secure and stable roof over their head.
Do you work in supported housing in the UK? If so, why not partner with AGS Support? We have over 25 years of experience supplying experienced staff to the supported housing sector. Give us a call today on 0845 0523597 or email us at solutions@agssupport.co.uk
References
- Crisis UK. (2021). Homelessness in the UK.
- National Alliance to End Homelessness. (2022). Homelessness in America.
- Shelter UK. (2021). Supported housing.
- National Low Income Housing Coalition. (2021). Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities.
- UK Government. (2017). Homelessness Reduction Act 2017.
- United States Interagency Council on Homelessness. (2019). Federal Funding for Homelessness: A Primer.